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中文摘要
钢琴套曲《四季》，副题“性格描绘十二幅”是柴科夫斯基为数不多的诗与曲完美结合的钢琴作品中，最具代表性和艺术价值的一部钢琴套曲，更是标题性音乐的代表作。
一八七五年，圣彼得堡杂志《小说家》的编者请柴可夫斯基每月为该杂志写一首与该月份有关的钢琴曲。柴可夫斯基嘱咐他的男仆，到了每月某日提醒他做这件事。每逢应该写这样一首钢琴曲那天，柴可夫斯基就坐下来创作，根据不同的作家和诗人为一年中每月所创作的诗歌，用十二首附有标题的独立小曲描写了一年中每个月的性格。作品中每首小曲的音乐形象都与月刊逐月发表的十二首诗篇相呼应，而这些诗篇又与十二个月的季节特点相关联。这种标题性音乐使得音乐与文学完美结合，不仅强调了音乐的文学性与描绘性，而且更好的显示了音乐与生活的关联。
本文着重论述了通过对柴科夫斯基钢琴套曲《四季》国内外不同版本演奏录音的仔细聆听结合基本的谱面分析，对十二个月每一首诗乐结合的小曲中所展现的音乐画面进行积极充分的畅想与描述，以个人对音乐的理解和认识为基础浅析了柴科夫斯基《四季》的演奏技巧。
关键词：柴可夫斯基 《四季》钢琴套曲 音乐画面畅想 演奏技巧
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Abstract
Piano divertimento “four seasons”, the subtitle “the character depicting twelve picture” is the piano works of Tchaikovsky as the number of poems and Qu Wanmei combined with, the most representative and artistic value of a piano Divertimento, title music masterpiece.
In 1875, the editor of the St Petersburg magazine, “the novelist”, asked Tchaikovsky to write a song for the month on the piano. Tchaikovsky told his manservant, one day per month to remind him to do it. Every should write such a piano that day, Tchaikovsky sat down and composed, according to the different writers and poets for a month a year in the creation of poetry, with twelve songs accompanied by the title of the independent Xiaoqu describes the character of a month in a year. Works in the music image of each of the first songs are with monthly monthly published the first twelve Psalms echoes, and these poems and seasonal characteristics of twelve months and associated. This title music makes the perfect combination of music and literature, not only emphasizes the literature and the description of music, but also shows the relationship between music and life better.
This paper focuses on the through of Tchaikovsky’s piano divertimento “four seasons” at home and abroad different versions of recordings of listen carefully to the combination of the basic spectrum analysis, the combination of twelve month each a piece of poetry songs to show the pictures and music were active and full of imagination and description, to the understanding of music and understanding as the basis of the Tchaikovsky the seasons, playing skills.
Keywords: Tchaikovsky piano divertimento “four seasons” Musical Picture imagination playing skills
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